SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE
SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate = Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt = DOS = DOS 70 = DI-N-OCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE = Docusate sodium = Sodium docusate = Sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT)= DSS
Synonym: AOT, Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt, DOSS, Docusate sodium
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate (DSS) is the dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate.
The pure compound is a white waxy solid, soluble in many organic solvents and in water.
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate is an anionic surface active compound, which has marked wetting characteristics.
Its detergent properties make it useful for cleaning and peeling fruits and vegetables and cleaning food packaging.
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate is also used in various pharmaceutical products.
Sulfosuccinates, chemically classified as dialkyl sulfosuccinates, are anionic surfactants that provide a wide variety of functional properties that include surface and interfacial tension reduction, wetting, dispersing, emulsifying, penetrating, and solubilizing.
Sulfosuccinates are suitable for use in a broad range of applications such as wetting agents, in cosmetics, detergents, agricultural, mining and textile products, as well as emulsifiers/dispersants in water treatment, paint, ink and polymerization formulations.
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate is used as a wetting agents and rewetting agents, emulsifiers, detergent, and spreading agents.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is the best surface tension reducer on the market today.
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used in many industrial applications for its excellent wetting and foam generation characteristics.
Uses for Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate range from dewatering and de-dusting aid in mineral processing to emulsion polymerization.
Other applications of Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate include, mild shampoos and bath products, textile scouring and finishing, and carpet shampoos.
Diethylhexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, often referred to as Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, is an anionic surfactant used in a variety of applications, including cosmetics and personal-care products, over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription drugs, and as a food additive
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate is Dibasic anionic surfactant, are used as powerful antifoaming agent, wetting agent, penetrating agents and dispersants.
End applications of Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate include agrochemicals, fertilizers pulp and paper, paint and inks, resins and textiles, rubber, metals and mineral and petroleum oils.
Chemical Description
SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE
Chemical Group: Sulfosuccinates
Functions: Emulsifier, Adjuvant, Wetting Agents
Markets and applications
Detergents
I&I Cleaning
Textile industry
Function
Dispersants
Wetting agents
Composition
Sulfosuccinates
Segment
Surfactants / Anionic surfactants
Alternative names
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate Mixture
Sulfosuccinates is a type of anionic surfactants. These are mildest among all anionic surfactants.
They are chemically classified as dialkyl sulfosuccinates.
They can impart a wide variety of functional properties including reduction in surface and interfacial tension, wetting, dispersing, emulsifying, solubilizing, and penetrating.
Dioctyl sulfosuccinates (DOSS) have high wetting properties and they are used as industrial cleaning agents.
DOSS are synthesized by using maleic anhydride.
Dioctyl sulfosuccinates are commercially called docusate, which is in the form of capsule and is used for treating constipation in children.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a very good wetting agent for aqueous systems and for mineral dispersions.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can be a useful emulsifier agent for oil-in-water emulsions.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate finds application in emulsion polymerization and agricultural applications.
CAS Number: 577-11-7
EC Number : 209-406-4
Linear Formula: CH3(CH2)3CH(C2H5)CH2O2CCH2CH(SO3Na)CO2CH2CH(C2H5)(CH2)3CH3
Molecular Weight: 444.56
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DSS) is the dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate (bis-2-ethyl-hexyl sodium sulfosuccinate).
It dissolves slowly in water; at 25°C to the extent of 1.5 gm/100cc; at 70°C, 5.5 gm/100cc.
It dissolves in oils, hydrocarbons, fats and waxs by heating above 75°C and remains in solution when cooled to room temperature. At room temperature,
It is readily soluble in most organic solvents, both polar and non-polar.
Soluble in carbon tetrachloride, petroleum ether, naphtha, xylene, dibutyl phthalate, liquid petroleum, acetone, alcohol, vegetable oils.
Product Name: Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
Synonym: DOSS; DOS; DSS; Docusate sodium; Dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium salt;
Docusate sodium salt; Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate; Dioctyl sulphosuccinate
sodium salt; Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate; Sodium Diethylhexyl Sulfosuccinate
CAS No.: 577-11-7
Molecular Formula: C20H37NaO7S
Molecular Weight: 444.56
Characteristic:
DOSS is colorless to yellowish liquid, easy soluble in water, solution is milk white, PH value 5.0-7.0 (1% aqueous solution), soluble in low alcohol etc hydrophilia solvent, also soluble in benzene, carbon tetrachloride, kerosene,petroleum series solvent.
DOSS is a kind anionic surfactant, have good wettability, permeability,emulsibility and foamability.
DOSS not able to bear strong acid, strong alkali, heavy metallic salt and reductant etc.
To treatment cotton, fibre, viscose and their blended products, can directly bleached or dyed without boiling off after treated fabric, can improve dyeing defects caused by dead cotton.
Application:
As emulsifier, detergent and penetrating agent in textile industry; As surfactant in cosmetics industry; As surfactant and leveling agent in printing and dyeing industry; As lubricant in Aerosol OT; As emulsifier in pesticide and photosensitive materials
EC / List no.: 216-684-0
CAS no.: 1639-66-3
Di-n-octyl sodium sulfosuccinate
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
1,4-dioctoxy-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonic acid
sodium 1,4-bis(octyloxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
sodium 1,4-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
sodium;1,4-dioctoxy-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate or docusate sodium often referred to as DSS, Aerosol OT or AOT – is a common ingredient in consumer products, especially laxatives of the stool softener type. It is also used as an emulsifying, wetting, and dispersing agent, as a pesticide,[1] as well as a component of the oil dispersant Corexit which was used in the Deepwater Horizon oil spill of 2010.[2] It is an anionic surfactant, a substance that lowers the surface tension of water.
Docusate calcium and docusate potassium, as well as other dioctyl sulfosuccinate salts[citation needed], are also widely used in the same areas.
AEROSOL SURFACTANT
ALROWET D65
BIS-(2-ETHYLHEXYL) SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL) SULFOSUCCINATE, SODIUM SALT
DIOCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
Chemical names Sodium 1,4-bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-sulfosuccinate; butanedioic acid, sulfo-1,4-bis-(2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt; dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate is all-purpose surfactant, wetting agent, and solubilizer used in the drug, cosmetics, and food industries.
Docusate; abilax; aerosol ot; alphasol ot; anonaid t; bis(2 ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate sodium; colace; colase; coloxyl; comfolax; constiban; coprol; coprolax; crolax; decerosol ot; defilin; delifin; delifine; di(n octyl)sodium sulfosuccinate; dioctylal; dioctyl medo; dioctylmedo; dioctyl polfa; dioctylpolfa; dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; dioctylsodium sulfosuccinate; dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate; dioctylsulfosuccinate; dioctyl sulfosuccinates; dioctyl sulfosuccinatesodium; dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium; dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid; diofectyl; diomedicone; diosuccin; diosuccine; diotilan; diotilane; diovac; disonate; disosul; disosul; doctynol; dons; doxinate; doxol; doxolan; doxolane; doxolpurdue frederick; dss; dulsivac; emulax simplex; eosan; humectol; laxinate100; manoxol ot; milkinol; modane soft; mollax; molofac; nevax; obston; physiolax; regal; regutol; senokot s; sodium bis(2 ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate; sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate; sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate; soffecine; softil;
sulfosuccinic acid bis(2 ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt; vatsol ot; velmol; wasserlax; waxsol; Docusate Sodium; Correctol (trade); di sosul; dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium; docusate; doxol purdue frederick; laxinate 100
Applications
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate is a wetting and solubilizing agent.
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt is used as a surfactant, wetting agent and in the preparation of reverse micelles.
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium is utilized in electrophoresis detection of natural and synthetic estrogens.
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium also finds use in the drug, cosmetics, food industry and as a laxative to treat constipation.
Further, Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium is used as a food additive, emulsifier and dispersant.
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium plays an important role as an excipient in the production of tablets and suspensions.
DOS 70 is an excellent wetting agent for use in aqueous systems even at low concentrations, and for use in mineral dispersions.
DOS 70 can be used as an emulsifier agent for oil-in-water emulsions for emulsion polymerization, agricultural and textile applications.
Use: Docusate Sodium is a laxative used to treat constipation by absorbing into the bloodstream and excreted via the gallbladder after undergoing extensive metabolism. A laxative used to treat constipation
Anionic surfactant used as wetting/dispersing/emulsifying agent in food processing. Hog/poultry scald agent. Used in cheeses, salad dressings, cocoa and dairy products
Chemical Properties
white solid, often supplied as an aqueous solution
Chemical Properties
Docusate sodium is a white or almost white, waxlike, bitter tasting, plastic solid with a characteristic octanol-like odor. It is hygroscopic and usually available in the form of pellets, flakes, or rolls of tissuethin material.
Uses
Textiles: wetting agent to improve dyestuff dispersibility and speed up the wetting and penetration of resin treatments
Emulsifier/wetter in dry cleaning applications
Dispersing agent for pigments into organic media
De-watering agent in a mineral oil-based system
Dispersing and wetting agent in wettable powders
Emulsion Polymerisation
Stabiliser for hydrophilic colloids
Uses
dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate is a mild surfactant used as a cleans ing agent.
Uses
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt is a wetting and emulsifying agent that is slowly soluble in water, having a solubility of 1 g in 70 ml of water. It functions as a wetting agent in fumaric acid-containing powdered fruit drinks to help the acid dissolve in water. It is used as a stabilizing agent on gums at not more than 0.5% by weight of the gum. It is used as a flavor potentiator in canned milk where it improves and maintains the flavor of the sterilized milk during storage. It also functions as a processing aid in the manufacture of unrefined sugar. It is also termed sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate.
Uses
Forms reverse micelles in hydrocarbon solvents; Suitable for the solubilization of the major myelin transmembrane proteolipid
Uses
anticholinergic, treatment of motion sickness
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate Usage IN TEXTILE
1. Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate is easily soluble in water, the solution is milky white, not resistant to strong acids, strong bases, heavy metal salts and reducing agents.
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate penetrates quickly and evenly.
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate has good wetting, penetrating, emulsifying and foaming properties.
The penetration effect is the best when it is below 40℃, and it is easy to hydrolyze when it meets alkali at high temperature.
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate is not resistant to strong alkalis and cannot be added directly to concentrated alkaline solution.
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate should be added after diluting the alkaline solution.
2. Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate is a highly effective penetrant, used to treat cotton, hemp, viscose and its blended products.
The treated fabric is directly bleached or dyed without scouring, which can improve the dyeing defects caused by dead cotton.
The fabric feels softer and fuller.
When practicing green bleaching, the dyestuff should be withdrawn first to ensure the penetration effect.
Pharmaceuticals Applications / Uses:
Docusate Sodium is used as Active ingredients and excipients.
Docusate sodium is a surfactant which is excellent emulsifier, wetting, dispersing and solubilizing agent.
Uses of Docusate sodium:
Laxative
Dispersing agent for tablet manufacture
Liquid or Gel suspensions
Effervescing tablets
Emulsifier for creams and gels
Emulsifier and softener for ear wax removal compounds
Wetting agent in pre-operative colon cleaning preparations to prenatal and geriatric vitamin preparations.
As solubilizing agent, to improve solubility of poorly soluble active pharmaceuticals ingredients (API) formulations.
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate
Industrials Applications / Uses:
Wetting, Dispersing, Lubricating
Used in solvent and non-aqueous systems.
Mould release for poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA).
Used in inks, photographic products, dyes, textile, leather, scintillation fluid, agrochemical applications and Polyurethane fiber production.
Wetting agent and antistat for polyethylene manufacture.
Dispersing aid for dyes and pigments in plastics such as polyethylene and polypropylene.
Surfactant
Pesticide Adjuvant
COSMETIC APPLICATION:
Diethylhexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate enhances the water solubility of other cosmetic ingredients.
Diethylhexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate also helps form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified and functions as a surfactant or cleansing agent.
DIETHYLHEXYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
DIETHYLHEXYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE is classified as :
Cleansing
Emulsifying
Hydrotrope
Surfactant
CAS Number: 577-11-7
EINECS/ELINCS No: 209-406-4
Chem/IUPAC Name: Docusate sodium
Production Methods
Maleic anhydride is treated with 2-ethylhexanol to produce dioctyl maleate, which is then reacted with sodium bisulfite.
brand name
Colace (Roberts Pharmaceutical); Correctol Stool Softener Laxative (Schering-Plough HealthCare); Dialose (Johnson & Johnson-Merck Consumer); Doxinate (Hoechst-Roussel); D-S-S (Parke-Davis); Modane Soft (Savage); Molofac (Bristol-Myers Squibb).
General Description
Odorless colorless to white waxy solid. Sinks and mixes slowly with water.
Air & Water Reactions
Mixes slowly with water.
Reactivity Profile
Docusate sodium causes foaming and spreading of water. Assists in putting out fires by water. [USCG, 1999].
Health Hazard
Liquid is strong irritant to eye and may irritate skin by removing natural oils. Ingestion causes diarrhea and intestinal bloating.
Fire Hazard
Behavior in Fire: Causes foaming and spreading of water. Assists in putting out fires by water.
Pharmaceutical Applications
Docusate sodium and docusate salts are widely used as anionic surfactants in pharmaceutical formulations. Docusate sodium is mainly used in capsule and direct-compression tablet formulations to assist in wetting and dissolution.
Safety Profile
Poison by intravenous route. Moderately toxic by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. A skin and severe eye irritant. See also ESTERS. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of SOx and Na2O.
Safety
Docusate salts are used in oral formulations as therapeutic agents for their fecal softening and laxative properties. As a laxative in adults, up to 500mg of docusate sodium is administered daily in divided doses; in children over 6 months old, up to 75 mg in divided doses is used. The quantity of docusate sodium used as an excipient in oral formulations should therefore be controlled to avoid unintended laxative effects. Adverse effects associated with docusate sodium include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and skin rashes. As with the chronic use of laxatives, the excessive use of docusate sodium may produce hypomagnesemia.
Docusate salts are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and excreted in bile; they may cause alteration of the gastrointestinal epithelium. The gastrointestinal or hepatic absorption of other drugs may also be affected by docusate salts, enhancing activity and possibly toxicity. Docusate sodium should not be administered with mineral oil as it may increase the absorption of the oil.
LD50 (mouse, IV): 0.06 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, oral): 2.64 g/kg
LD50 (rat, IP): 0.59 g/kg
LD50 (rat, oral): 1.9 g/kg
storage
Docusate sodium is stable in the solid state when stored at room temperature. Dilute aqueous solutions of docusate sodium between pH 1–10 are stable at room temperature. However, at very low pH (<1) and very high pH (>10) docusate sodium solutions are subject to hydrolysis.
The solid material is hygroscopic and should be stored in an airtight container in a cool, dry place.
Purification Methods
Dissolve it in MeOH and the inorganic salts which precipitate are filtered off. Water is added and the solution is extracted several times with hexane. The residue is evaporated to one-fifth its original volume, *benzene is added and azeotropic distillation is continued until no water remains. The solvent is evaporated. The white residual solid is crushed and dried in vacuo over P2O5 for 48hours [El Seoud & Fendler J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans 1 71 452 1975]. [Beilstein 4 IV 114.] It solubilises major myelin trans membrane proteolipids, and forms reverse micelles in hydrocarbon solvents.
Incompatibilities
Electrolytes, e.g. 3% sodium chloride, added to aqueous solutions of docusate sodium can cause turbidity. However, docusate sodium possesses greater tolerance to calcium, magnesium, and other polyvalent ions than do some other surfactants. Docusate sodium is incompatible with acids at pH < 1 and with alkalis at pH > 10.
Regulatory Status
GRAS listed. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (IM injections; oral capsules, suspensions, and tablets; also topical formulations). Included in nonparenteral medicines licensed in the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients.
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt Preparation Products And Raw materials
Raw materials
DL-2-Octanol 2-Ethylhexanol Maleic anhydride Diisooctyl maleate Trap 1-Octanol Sodium metabisulfite
Preparation Products
finishing agent for polyester fiber SOD anti-decrepitude healthy toothpaste nerves calming toothpaste pearly toothpaste
Notes
Hygroscopic. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and water.
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate is an anionic surfactant used in a wide variety of cosmetic formulations.
In September 1994, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel evaluated the ingredient to be safe up to 0.42% in cosmetic formulations.
Description
Application
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt (DOSS) can be used as an anionic surfactant:
• To prepare microemulsion with sodium salt of 3-(cyclohexylamino)-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonic acid (CAPSO) for the electrophoresis detection of natural and synthetic estrogens.
• To develop reverse micelles.
• To enhance the electrical conductivity and cell attachment in polycaprolactone fumarate and polypyrrole (PCLF–PPy) composite materials.
Dioctyl sodiosulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium salt
Sodium bis(octyl)sulfosuccinate
Sodium di-n-octyl sulfosuccinate
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
Sodium O,O-dioctylsulfosuccinic acid
Sodium sulfosuccinic acid dioctyl ester
Sulfosuccinic acid 1,4-dioctyl ester sodium salt
1639-66-3
Bu-cerumen
DI-N-OCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
Solbaleite
Butyl-cerumen
Elfanol 883
sulfonated aliphatic polyester
Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-dioctyl ester, sodium salt
Succinic acid, sulfo-, dioctyl ester, sodium salt
Texapon DOS
Succinic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-dioctyl ester, sodium salt
sodium;1,4-dioctoxy-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
Neocol SW 30
Caswell No. 392I
Butanedioic acid, 2-sulfo-, 1,4-dioctyl ester, sodium salt (1:1)
Sodium di-n-octylsulfosuccinate
HSDB 4086
NSC 7779
EINECS 216-684-0
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 079027
Dioktylester sulfojantaranu sodneho [Czech]
Dioktylester sulfojantaranu sodneho
1,4-Bis(n-octyl) sulfobutanedioate, sodium salt
SCHEMBL22809
DTXSID7041881
Sulfobutanedioic acid, 1,4-di(n-octyl) ester, sodium salt
2-(Sodiosulfo)succinic acid dioctyl
Docusate is the common chemical and pharmaceutical name of the anion bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, also commonly called dioctyl sulfosuccinate (DOSS).
Salts of this anion, especially docusate sodium, are widely used in medicine as laxatives and as stool softeners, by mouth or rectally.
Docusate sodium is on the World Health Organization’s List of Essential Medicines.
In 2018, it was the 142nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 4 million prescriptions.
Some studies claim that docusate is not more effective than a placebo for improving constipation.
Other docusate salts with medical use include those of calcium and potassium.
Docusate salts are also used as food additives, emulsifiers, dispersants, and wetting agents, among other uses
Diethylhexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate is an anionic surfactant. It enables formulations with creamy texture and good foaming properties despite the high oil content.
Diethylhexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate is compatible with anionic, amphoteric & non-ionic surfactants like cocamidopropyl betaine and/or sodium laureth sulfate.
Diethylhexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate does not require any additional solubilizer.
Diethylhexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate finds application in formulating body washes, shampoos with high oil content (up to 50%) and cleansing formulations.
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate is a surfactant that exhibits excellent penetrating abilities, acid and hard water stability.
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate acts as a wetting/ penetrant, surfactant and dispersing agent.
Diethylhexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate acts as an alkyl and alkyl ether sulfosuccinate surfactant.
Diethylhexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate is a foam booster. Diethylhexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate exhibits excellent dispersing effect both in aqueous and non-aqueous dispersion.
Diethylhexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate is used in shower and bath products, shampoo and liquid soaps.
History
Sodium docusate was patented in 1937 by Coleman R. Caryl and Alphons O. Jaeger for American Cyanamid,[3] which commercialized it for many years as a detergent under the brand name Aerosol OT.
Its use for the treatment of constipation was first proposed in 1955 by James L. Wilson and David G. Dickinson,[4] and quicky popularized under the name Doxinate.[13]
Medical use
Constipation
The main medical use of docusate sodium is to treat constipation, acting as a laxative and stool softener. In painful anorectal conditions such as hemorrhoid and anal fissures, it can help avoid pain caused by straining during bowel movements.
When administered by mouth, a bowel movement often occurs in 1 to 3 days,[1] while rectal use may be effective within 20 minutes.[14]
Sodium docusate is recommended as a stool softener for children.[1]
However, its effectiveness for constipation is poorly supported by evidence.[7][8] Multiple studies have found docusate to be no more effective than a placebo for improving constipation.[7][8][9][10] Others have found it to be less useful for the treatment of chronic constipation than psyllium.[10][15][16]
The medication may be given to people who are receiving opioid medication, although prolonged use may cause irritation of the gastrointestinal tract.[10][16]
Other medical uses
Docusate sodium, when used with ear syringing, may help with earwax removal, particularly in the case of impaction.[17]
Sodium docusate is also used as a lubricant in the production of tablets and as an emulsifier in topical preparations and other suspensions.[18]
Precautions and contraindications
Docusate sodium is approved and recommended as safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding.[19][20]
Docusate is not recommended in people with appendicitis, acute abdomen, or ileus.[16]
When taken by mouth it should be ingested with plenty of water.
Side effects
Side effects are uncommon and typically mild,[1] and may include stomach pain, abdominal cramps or diarrhea,[1] Efficacy decreases with long-term use, and may cause poor bowel function.[11]
Serious allergic reactions may occur with the drug. The most severe side effect of docusate, although very rare, is rectal bleeding.[21]
Interactions
Docusate might increase resorption of other drugs, for example, dantron (1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone).[16]
Mechanism of action
Docusate sodium works by allowing more water to be absorbed by the stool.[11][22]
Docusate does not stay in the gastrointestinal tract, but is absorbed into the bloodstream and excreted via the gallbladder[16] after undergoing extensive metabolism.
The effect of docusate may not necessarily be all due to its surfactant properties. Perfusion studies suggest that docusate inhibits fluid absorption or stimulates secretion in the portion of the small intestine known as the jejunum.[medical citation needed]
Pharmaceutical brand names
In the U.S., docusate sodium for pharmaceutical use is available under multiple brand names: Aqualax, Calube, Colace, Colace Micro-Enema, Correctol Softgel Extra Gentle, DC-240, Dialose, Diocto, Dioctocal, Dioctosoftez, Dioctyn, Dionex, Doc-Q-Lace, Docu Soft, Docucal, Doculax, Docusoft S, DOK, DOS, Doss-Relief, DSS, Dulcolax – Stool Softener (not to be confused with another drug marketed under the Dulcolax brand, bisacodyl, which is a stimulant laxative), Ex-Lax Stool Softener, Fleet Sof-Lax, Genasoft, Kasof, Laxa-basic, Modane Soft, Octycine-100, Pedia-Lax, Preferred Plus Pharmacy Stool Softener, Regulax SS, Sulfalax Calcium, Sur-Q-Lax, Surfak Stool Softener, and Therevac-SB. Generic preparations are also available.
In the UK, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate is sold under the brand name Docusol (Typharm Ltd) and DulcoEase (Boehringer Ingelheim).
In Australia, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate is sold as Coloxyl and Coloxyl with senna.
In India, preparations include Laxatin by Alembic, Doslax by Raptakos Laboratories, Cellubril by AstraZeneca, and Laxicon by Stadmed.
Other uses
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate is used as a surfactant in a wide range of applications, often under the name Aerosol-OT.
It is unusual in that it is able to form microemulsions without the use of co-surfactants, and it has a rich variety of aqueous-phase behavior including multiple liquid crystalline phases.[24]
Food additive
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate has been approved by the US FDA as a “generally recognized as safe” (GRAS) additive.
It is used in a variety of food products, as a surface active agent, stabilizer, thickener, wetting agent, processing aid, solubilizing agent, emulsifier, and dispersant.
The highest amount found in food products is 0.5% by weight, which include pasteurized cheese spreads, cream cheeses and salad dressings.
The FDA also approved its use as a wetting agent or solubilizer for flavoring agents in carbonated and non-carbonated drinks at levels up to 10 parts per million.
Microencapsulation
Sodium docusate is the most widely used surfactant in reverse micelle encapsulation studies.
Non-medical brand names
As a surfactant, docusate sodium is or has been commercialized under many brand names, including DSSj Aerosol OT, Alphasol OT, Colace, Complemix, Coprol, Dioctylal, Dioctyl-Medo Forte, Diotilan, Diovac, Disonate, Doxinate, Doxol, Dulsivac, Molatoc, Molofac, Nevax, Norval, Regutol, Softili, Solusol, Sulfimel DOS, Vatsol OT, Velmol, and Waxsol[28]
Chemistry
Structure and properties
The structural formula of the docusate anion is R−O−C(=O)−CH(SO−3)−CH2−C(=O)−O−R, where R is the 2-ethylhexyl group H3C−(CH2)3−C(−CH2−CH3)H−CH2−.
The conjugate acid can be described as the twofold carboxylate ester of sulfosuccinic acid with 2-ethylhexanol.
The compound is a white, wax-like, plastic solid, with an odor suggestive of octyl alcohol. It starts to decompose at about 220 °C.
Solubility of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate in water is 14 g/L at 25 °C, increasing to 55 g/L at 70 °C.
Solubility is better in less polar solvents: 1:30 in ethanol, 1:1 in chloroform and diethylether, and practically unlimited in petroleum ether (25 °C).
It also is highly soluble in glycerol, although this is a rather polar solvent.
It is also highly soluble in xylene, oleic acid, acetone, diacetone alcohol, methanol, isopropanol, 2-butanol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, furfurol, and vegetable oils.
The ester groups are easily cleaved under basic conditions, but are stable against acids.
Synthesis
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate can be obtained by treating dioctyl maleate with sodium bisulfite.
The bisulfite anion adds to the double bond:
−CH=CH− + HSO−3 → −CH(−SO−3)−CH2−
Toxicity
Ingestion may cause the side effects described above, such as diarrhea, intestinal bloating, and occasionally cramping pains. Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate is not known to be carcinogenic, mutagenic, or teratogenic.[29]
Marine species
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate is of low toxicity for crustaceans such as the hermit crab Clibanarius erythropus and the shrimp Crangon crangon. Toxicity for molluscs varies widely, with 48-hour LD50 found between 5 mg/l for the common limpet and 100 mg/l for the common periwinkle. Various species of phytoplankton have an LD50 around 8 mg/l.
In a 2010 study, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate exhibited higher toxicity against bacteria (Vibrio fischeri, Anabaena sp.) and algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) than did a number of fluorinated surfactants (PFOS, PFOA, or PFBS). Measuring bioluminescence inhibition of the bacteria and growth inhibition of the algae, the LD50 were in the range of 43–75 mg/l. Combinations of the fluorinated compounds with dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate showed mid to highly synergistic effects in most settings, meaning that such combinations are significantly more toxic than the individual substances.[30]
Freshwater species
The substance is highly toxic for rainbow trout with a median lethal concentration (LC50) of 0.56 mg/l after 48 hours for the pure substance. It is only slightly to moderately toxic for rainbow trout fingerlings, and slightly toxic for harlequin rasboras (LC50 27 mg/l of a 60% formulation after 48 hours).
1,4-Bis(octyloxy)-1,4-dioxo-2-butanesulfonate de sodium [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Butanedioic acid, 2-sulfo-, 1,4-dioctyl ester, sodium salt (1:1) [ACD/Index Name]
Di-n-octyl sodium sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium salt
Natrium-1,4-bis(octyloxy)-1,4-dioxo-2-butansulfonat [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Sodium 1,4-bis(octyloxy)-1,4-dioxo-2-butanesulfonate [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Sodium 1,4-bis(octyloxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
1,4-Bis(n-octyl) sulfobutanedioate, sodium salt
209-406-4 [EINECS]
2715-79-9 [RN]
28462-58-0 [RN]
53112-42-8 [RN]
53112-64-4 [RN]
577-11-7 [RN]
8007-29-2 [RN]
8055-76-3 [RN]
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate sodium salt
Bu-cerumen
Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-dioctyl ester, sodium salt
Butyl-cerumen
Dioctyl sodiosulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate [Wiki]
Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate
DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE SODIUM
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt
Dioktylester sulfojantaranu sodneho [Czech]
Docusate sodium [BAN] [INN] [USAN] [USP]
Elfanol 883
MFCD00012455 [MDL number]
MKC
Neocol SW 30
noname
Sodium bis(octyl)sulfosuccinate
Sodium di-n-octyl sulfosuccinate
Sodium di-n-octylsulfosuccinate
sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate
Sodium O,O-dioctylsulfosuccinic acid
Sodium sulfosuccinic acid dioctyl ester
Solbaleite
Succinic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-dioctyl ester, sodium salt
Succinic acid, sulfo-, dioctyl ester, sodium salt
Sulfobutanedioic acid, 1,4-di(n-octyl) ester, sodium salt
SULFONATED ALIPHATIC POLYESTER
Sulfosuccinic acid 1,4-dioctyl ester sodium salt
Texapon DOS
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate is an anionic surfactant used in cosmetics, in over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription drugs, as a food additive, and in a wide variety of other applications.
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, CAS No. 577-11-7, is the sodium salt of the diester of a 2-ethylhexyl alcohol and sulfosuccinic acid
Other names for this compound include: 1,4-Bis(2-Ethylhexyl)Sulfobutanedioate, Sodium Salt; Butanedioic Acid, Sulfo-1,4-Bis(2-Ethylhexyl) Ester, Sodium Salt; Di-(2-Ethylhexyl)Sodium Sulfosuccinate; Docusate Sodium; Sodium Di-(2-Ethylhexyl)Sulfosuccinate; Sulfosuccinic Acid, Di-(2-Ethylhexyl) Ester, Sodium Salt; and Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate .
In Japan it is referred to as Di(2-Ethylhexyl)Sodium Sulfosuccinate.
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate has a molecular weight of 444.56 and appears as a waxy solid. It is soluble in both water and organic solvents, especially in water and water-miscible solvent combinations.
Its water solubilities as a function of temperature are: 15 g/1 at 25°C, 23 g/1 at 40°C, 30 g/1 at 50°C, and 55 g/1 at 70°C.
Acid and neutral solutions of Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate are stable; alkaline solutions hydrolyze .
Results from mass, ’H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy are available.
Maleic anhydride is reacted with 2-ethylhexanol to produce bis(2-ethylhexyl)maleate.
This, in turn, is combined with sodium bisulfite under conditions conducive to the formation of the sulfonate structure through rearrangement with an accompanying saturation of the olefinic bond, producing Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate
Analytic Methods
Ahuja and Cohen (1983) described a number of methods available for the assay of Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate.
Titration assays for anionic surfactants can be used to determine Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate : a two-phase mixed indicator titration using 2:3 (v:v) chloroform : 1- nitropropane solvent system and an extractive titration technique using carbethopendecinium bromide.
Colorimetric analysis methods involving extraction with ethyl violet, bis[2-(2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenolato] cobalt (III) ion, 1-(4-nitrobenzyl)-4-(4-diethylaminophenylazo)pyridinium bromide, and bis[2-(5-chloro-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenolato] cobalt (III) chloride are also described. Turbidimetric, polarographic, and nitrogen blowing techniques are also available.
Impurities
According to the National Formulary (1980), calculated on an anhydrous basis, Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate should contain between 99 and 100.5% (inclusively) C2oH37Na07S; water should be no more than 2.0%; arsenic, 3 ppm; heavy metals, 0.001%; bis(2-ethylhexyl)maleate, 0.4%.
USE
Cosmetic Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate is a surfactant used as an emulsifier and a hydrotrope in cosmetic products (Wenninger and McEwen 1997).
As of 1995, Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate is reported to be used in 38 cosmetic formulations (FDA 1995).
Concentrations of use are no longer reported to the FDA (FDA 1992).
However, FDA data from 1984 reported that Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate was used in a variety of products at concentrations ~5% (FDA 1984).
International, 1 Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate is approved by Japan for use in cosmetics (Rempe and Santucci 1997).
OTC The OTC Drug Review Ingredient Status Report (FDA 1989) reported on the use of Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, listed as Docusate Sodium, in three different pharmaceutic or therapeutic use categories.
It was generally recognized as safe and effective when used as a stool softener and when used to lower surface tension and produce a mucolytic effect.
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, however, was not recognized as an effective pediculicide.
Prescription Drug
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate is used in both generic and trade name prescriptions as a mild contact laxative. Usual dosage is 50 to 250 mg daily for adults and children over 12 and 50 to 150 mg for children ages 2 to 12 (AMA 1983). 5
Veterinary Drug Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate is used as a stool softener and a surfactant in veterinary medicine.
In addition, it is used to clean ear canals and to treat cattle bloat (Rossoff 1974).
Food
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate has a number of applications as a food additive, which are regulated by the FDA. Used as a wetting agent in fumaric acid-acidulated foods, Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate is limited to a maximum of 15 ppm in finished gelatin desserts or 10 ppm in finished beverages or fruit-juice drinks.
It is used in the production of unrefined cane sugar and can be detected in the final juice, syrup, or massecuite product at concentrations of 0.5 ppm per 1% sucrose.
It may be used at a concentration of 25 ppm in molasses.
Noncarbonated beverages containing cocoa fat may use Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate as an emulsifying agent, not to exceed 25 ppm in the finished beverage.
Gums and hydrophilic colloids may be thickened with Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, with a maximum concentration of 0.5% of gums or colloids by weight.
As a diluent in color additive mixtures for food, Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate is limited to a concentration of 9 ppm in the finished product.
Other regulated uses for Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate include: dispersing agent, diluent in color additive mixtures for egg shells, hair remover for hog carcasses, and a cooling and water retort treatment for the exterior of canned goods (Furia 1980).
Other Uses Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate has a broad range of uses as a detergent and an emulsifier. Applications include: wetting agents, antifog preparations, emulsion and suspension polymerizations, industrial cleaning solutions, battery separators, and film coating products (McCutcheon’s Division 1973).
Synonyms:
aerosol OT-100
atlas WA-100
butanedioic acid, 2-sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt (1:1)
butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
chimin DOS 70
complemix 100
depasol AS-27
di-(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinic acid, sodium salt
dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate
dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid
dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt
docusate sodium
docusate sodium salt
empimin OT
bis( ethylhexyl) ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid
bis(2- ethylhexyl) S-sodium sulfosuccinate
1,4-bis(2- ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
bis(2- ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
bis(2- ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt
bis(2- ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, sodium salt
bis(2- ethylhexyl) sulphosuccinatesodium salt
bis(2- ethylhexyl)sodium sulfosuccinate
imbirol OT/NA 70
octowet 60
octowet 65
octowet 70
schercowet DOS-70
sodium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
sodium 1,4-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-dioxo-2-butanesulfonate
sodium 1,4-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
sodium 2-ethyl hexyl sulfosuccinate
sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
sodium di-(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
sodium di(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
sodium docusate
solusol 100
stepwet DOS-70
succinic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
sulfimel DOS
sulfobutanedioic acid 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt
sulfobutanedioic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl ester) sodium salt
sulfosuccinic acid 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester S-sodium salt
sulfosuccinic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt
sulfosuccinic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl)ester sodium salt
sulfosuccinic acid, di-(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
triumphnetzer DEG
triumphnetzer EH
triumphnetzer ETH
triumphnetzer PG
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate is of major importance in the reverse micellar solubilization of biomolecules like proteins, peptides, amino acids and, in particular, enzymes. It is even possible to solubilize whole bacteria cells.
The concept of reverse micellar solubilization with dioctyl sulfosuccinate is based on its property of aggregating in organic solvents like isooctane and forming micelles with a reverse orientation so that e.g. proteins, dissolved in water, may be enclosed. The selectivity of this process can be controlled.
A whole range of enzymes – e.g. tyrosinases, lipoxygenases, lipases and catalases – has already been investigated in dioctyl sulfosuccinate reverse micelles.
The reverse micellar solubilization with dioctyl sulfosuccinate is extraordinarily interesting for biotechnological applications.
Synonyms: Aerosol, OT, AOT, Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sodium sulfosuccinate, Docusat sodium
CAS registry number: [577-11-7]
Molecular formula: C20H37O7S . Na
Relative molecular mass (Mr): 444.6
Classification: Anionic surfactant
Literature specification:
• Critical micellar concentration (CMC): 0.6 mM
• AEROSOL OT
• AEROSOL OTB
• AEROSOL(R) OT
• AEROSOL(R) OT-100
• AEROSOL(TM) OT
• 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)sodiumsulfosuccinate
• Sulfosuccinic acid, dioctyl ester, sodium salt
• DIETHYLHEXYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
• DOCUSATE SODIUM USP
• DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE SODIUMSIGMAULTRA
• Sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, USP
• MartiusYellowForMicroscopy
• Dioctylsulfosuccinatesodiumsalt,96%
• NAXCHEM RO-75E
• SODIUM 1,4-BIS(2-ETHYLHEXOXY)-1,4-DIOXO-BUTANE-2-SULFONATE
• SULFOSUCCINIC ACID BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER SODIUM SALT
• SULFOSUCCINIC ACID BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL)ESTER S-SODIUM SALT
• SULFOBUTANEDIOIC ACID BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL ESTER) SODIUM SALT
• SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE
• SODIUM BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) SULFOSUCCINATE
• SODIUM DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) SULFOSUCCINATE
• Aerosol?OT-100
• sodium 1,2-bis(2-ethylhexyloxycarbonyl)ethanesulphonate
• sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulphosuccinate
• bis-2-ethylhexylestersulfojantaranusodneho
• Butanedioicacid,sulfo-,1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)ester,sodiumsalt
• celanoldos75
• clestol
• colace
• complemix
• constonate
• coprol
• defilin
• Diisooctylsuccinatesodiumsulfonate
• dioctlyn
• dioctylal
• dioctylesterofsodiumsulfosuccinate
• dioctylesterofsodiumsulfosuccinicacid
• dioctyl-medoforte
• dioctylsodiumsulfosuccinate(octyl
• dioctylsodiumsulfosuccinate(octylis2-ethylhexyl)
• dioctylsodiumsulfosuccinate(octylis2-ethylhexyl)chemical
• dioctylsulfosuccinatesodium
• diomedicone
• diosuccin
• diotilan
• diovac
• disonate
• doctesodium
• doxinate
• doxol
• dulsivac
• duosol
• humifenwt27g
• konlax
• kosate
• laxinate
• laxinate100
SYNONYMS:
Aerosol OT
Bis(ethylhexyl) ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid Bis-2-ethylhexylester sulfojantaranu sodneho (Czech)
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sodium sulfosuccinate
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) S-sodium sulfosuccinate
1,4-Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt Sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
Colace
DEH Na SS
DEH-Na-SS
diethylhexyl sodium sulfosuccinate
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate Dioctlyn
Dioctylal
Dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate Dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid Dioctyl-medo forte
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate, Sodium
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinates
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Calcium Salt
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Potassium Salt
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Sodium Salt
Dioctylsulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sulphosuccinate, Sodium
Docusate
Docusate Calcium
Docusate Potassium
Docusate Sodium
DOSS
2-Ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate sodium
Geropon SDS
Sodium Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate
Sodium Dioctylsulphosuccinate
Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Diethylhexyl
Sulfosuccinate, Diethylhexyl Sodium
Sulfosuccinate, Dioctyl
Sulfosuccinates, Dioctyl
Sulfosuccinic Ac
Sodium di-(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
Sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate
Sodium 2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate
Sodium sulfodi-(2-ethylhexyl)-sulfosuccinate Sulfosuccinic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt
BUTANEDIOIC ACID, SULFO-, 1,4-BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER, SODIUM SALT
Sodium Dialkyl Sulfosuccinate
Triton Gr-7M
BUTANEDIOIC ACID, SULFO-, 1,4-BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER, SODIUM SALT.
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
Manoxol Ot 60
Dapro U-99
Di(2-Ethylhexyl)Sulfosuccinic Acid, Sodium Salt
Triton Gr-5M
Available forms
Docusate sodium is administered orally or rectally; in tablets, capsules, suppositories and enemas. It is also used as an emulsifier and dispersant in topical preparations.
Other uses
20px
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (January 2011)
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate is a pesticide[1] used popularly for crops of olives, almonds, wine grapes, corn and oranges.
It is used as an excipient in the production of tablets (as a lubricant) and suspensions (as an emulsifier).[6]
It is the most widely used surfactant in reverse micelle encapsulation studies.[7]
Docusate sodium, when used in conjunction with irrigation, is also an effective means of earwax removal.[8]
Contraindications
Docusate is contraindicated in patients with appendicitis, acute abdomen or ileus. It is not suitable for the treatment of chronic constipation.[5]
Side effects
Possible side effects are typically mild and include stomach pain, diarrhea, or cramping. Serious allergic reactions can occur with the drug. The most severe side effect of docusate, although very rare, is rectal bleeding.[3]
Physical and chemical properties
Solubility of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate in water is 1:70 (14 g/l) at 25 °C, increasing to 1:20 at 70 °C. Solubility is better in less polar solvents: 1:30 in ethanol, 1:1 in chloroform and diethylether, and practically unlimited in petroleum ether (25 °C). It is also highly soluble in glycerol, although this is a rather polar solvent.
The ester groups are easily cleaved under basic conditions, but are stable against acids.[5]
Pharmacokinetics and mechanism of action
Docusate does not stay in the gastrointestinal tract, but is absorbed into the bloodstream and excreted via the gallbladder[5] after undergoing extensive metabolism.
The effect of docusate may not necessarily be all due to its surfactant properties. Perfusion studies suggest that docusate inhibits fluid absorption or stimulates secretion in the portion of the small intestine known as the jejunum.
Interactions
Docusate should not be used in addition to mineral oil as the emulsifier will result in mineral oil being absorbed rather than functioning as a lubricant for the bowel walls, possibly resulting in foreign body granulomas. The substance might also increase resorption of other drugs, for example dantron (1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone).[5]
Toxicity
Toxicity for different species varies widely, but dioctyl sulfosuccinate biodegrades quickly in soil and water, a typical finding being >90% in 12 to 17 days. In the atmosphere, it is destroyed by a photochemical reaction with an estimated half-life of 18 hours.[9]
In humans
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate is a strong irritant for eyes and lungs, and also a skin irritant. Ingestion can cause the side effects described above, such as diarrhea, intestinal bloating and occasionally cramping pains. DSS is not known to be carcinogenic, mutagenic or teratogenic.[10]
In marine species
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate has been determined to be of low toxicity for crustaceans like the hermit crab Clibanarius erythropus and the shrimp Crangon crangon. The median lethal dose (LD50) for these species is about 100 mg/l of a docusate containing formulation after 48 hours of exposition, although the concentration of the formulation is not specified in the study.
Toxicity for molluscs varies widely, with 48-hour LD50 found between 5 mg/l for the common limpet and 100 mg/l for the common periwinkle. Various species of phytoplankton have an LD50 of around 8 mg/l. All of these doses refer to the mentioned formulation, not the pure chemical.[11]
In a 2010 study, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate exhibited higher toxicity against bacteria (Vibrio fischeri, Anabaena sp.) and algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) than a number of fluorinated surfactants (PFOS, PFOA, PFBS). Measuring bioluminescence inhibition of the bacteria and growth inhibition of the algae, the ED50 were in the range of 43–75 mg/l. Combinations of the fluorinated compounds with DSS showed mid to highly synergistic effects in most settings, meaning that such combinations are significantly more toxic than the individual substances.[12]
In freshwater species
The substance is highly toxic for rainbow trout with a median lethal concentration (LC50) of 0.56 mg/l after 48 hours for the pure substance. It is only slightly to moderately toxic for rainbow trout fingerlings, and slightly toxic for harlequin rasboras (LC50 27 mg/l of a 60% formulation after 48 hours).
Synonyms
1,4-Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfobutanedioate, sodium salt; Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate; Sulfosuccinic acid, di-(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt; 1,4-Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate; 2-Ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate sodium; Adekacol EC 8600; Aerosol A 501; Aerosol AOT; Aerosol GPG; Aerosol OT; Aerosol OT 70PG; Aerosol OT 75; Aerosol OT-A; Aerosol OT-B; Alcopol O; Alkasurf SS-O 75; Alphasol OT; Berol 478; Bis(2-ethylhexyl) S-sodium sulfosuccinate; Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt; Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sodium sulfosuccinate; Bis(ethylhexyl) ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid; Bis-2-ethylhexylester sulfojantaranu sodneho [Czech]; Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt; Celanol DOS 65; Celanol DOS 75; Clestol; Colace; Coloxyl; Complemix; Constonate; Coprol; Correctol Extra Gentle Tablets; D-S-S; DESS; DSS; Defilin; Di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinic acid, sodium salt; Di-(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate; Dialose; Dioctlyn; Dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate; Dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid; Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate; Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium; Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt; Dioctyl-medo forte; Dioctylal; Diomedicone; Diosuccin; Diotilan; Diovac; Diox; Disonate; Docusate sodique [INN-French]; Docusato sodico [INN-Spanish]; Docusatum natricum [INN-Latin]; Doxinate; Doxol; Dulsivac; Duosol; Humifen WT 27G; Konlax; Kosate; Laxinate; Laxinate 100; Manoxal OT; Manoxol OT; Mervamine; Modane Soft; Molatoc; Molcer; Molofac; Monawet MD 70E; Monawet MO-70; Monawet MO-70 RP; Monawet MO-84 R2W; Monoxol OT; Natrii dioctylsulfosuccinas; Nekal WT-27; Nevax; Nikkol OTP 70; Norval; Obston; Rapisol; Regutol; Requtol; Revac; SBO; SV 102; Sanmorin OT 70; Sobital; Sodium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate; Sodium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate; Sodium 2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate; Sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate; Sodium di-(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate; Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate; Sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate; Sodium sulfodi-(2-ethylhexyl)-sulfosuccinate; Softil; Sol sodowej sulfobursztynianu dwu-2-etyloheksylowego; Sol sodowej sulfobursztynianu dwu-2-etyloheksylowego; [Polish]; Soliwax; Solusol-100%; Solusol-75%; Succinic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt; Sulfimel DOS; Sulfosuccinic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl)ester sodium salt; Tex-Wet 1001; Triton GR 7; Triton GR-5; Vatsol OT; Velmol; Waxsol; Wetaid SR; [ChemIDplus]
Docusate Sodium
Synonyms
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate;
Diethylhexyl sodium sulfosuccinate;
Sodium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-dioxo-2-butanesulfonate;
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate;
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt;
AOT;
Category
Anionic Surfactant
> Sulfonate
>> Ester Sulfonate
>>> Sulfosuccinate(Ester) Salt
>>>> Sulfosuccinic Acid Branched Alkyl Alcohol Ester Salt
Chemical Numbering System
CASRN：577-11-7
EINECS：209-406-4
Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight
Molecular Formula: C20H37NaO7S; C20H38O7S.Na
Molecular Weight: 444.56
Structure
Properties
Appearance (1), white waxy solid; (2), pale yellow transparent liquid.
Odor specific odor.
Solubility soluble in water. Completely soluble in 50% ethanol solution. Soluble in carbon tetrachloride, petroleum ether, xylene, acetone, and vegetable oils.
Hygroscopicity slightly hygroscopic.
Physical – chemical properties
Water solubility, g/L
15 / 71 (25°C)[1]
Surface tension, mN/m, 25°C
28.7 (0.1%)[1]
Stability stable in weak acid, weak alkali, hard water. Under strong acid or strong alkali, easily hydrolyze.
Risk Solid form: flammable material; irritation, low irritation to skin, eye. Harmful products of combustion are CO, CO2 and so on. Contact with strong oxidants, can cause to burn.
GHS (Rev.8) label:
Animal Toxicity
Table 1 Animal toxicity values
rat oral LD50
1900mg/kg[2]
rat intraperitoneal LD50
590mg/kg[2]
mouse oral LD50
2643mg/kg[2]
mouse intravenous LD50
60mg/kg[2]
Ecology may be hazardous to environment. Water body should be given special attention.
Biodegradability biodegradable.
Characteristics excellent wetting, permeating, emulsifying, dispersing, cleansing, foaming, solubilizing abilities. Good lime soap dispersing power. Suitable for neutral formula system. High concentration of aqueous solution: form gel.
Synthesis
(1), Esterification reaction
Maleic anhydride reacts with 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, obtain dioctyl maleate.
(2), Sulfonation reaction
Dioctyl maleate reacts with sodium bisulfite, then obtain this product.
Quality Standards & Test Methods
1, Physical and chemical indexes
Item
Physical and chemical indexes
Solid
Liquid
Actives, %, ≥
80.0
50.0 – 80.0
pH (25°C, 1%)
4.5 – 7.5
4.5 – 7.5
Test Methods
(1), Actives
GB/T 5173 Surface active agents and detergents－Determination of anionic-active matter by direct two-phase titration procedure
ISO 2271 Surface active agents — Detergents — Determination of anionic-active matter by manual or mechanical direct two-phase titration procedure
(2), pH
GB/T 6368 Surface active agents – Determination of pH of aqueous solution – Potentiometric method
ISO 4316 Surface active agents — Determination of pH of aqueous solutions — Potentiometric method
2, Hazardous substances indexes
Item
Hazardous substances indexes
Solid
Heavy metals (as Pb), mg/Kg, ≤
20
As, mg/Kg, ≤
3
Test Methods
(1), Heavy metals (as Pb)
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30799 The test method of food detergents – Determination of heavy metals
(2), As
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30797 The test method of food detergents – Determination of total arsenic
3, Further explanation
(a), On physical and chemical indexes: firstly, shall be indicated carbon atom distribution; secondly, shall be indicated average molecular weight.
(b), Used in cosmetics, should be test for harmful substances; or furtherly test for microorganisms.
Major Uses
1. Typical Applications
Use as wetting agent, permeating agent.
Use as emulsifying agent, dispersing agent.
2. Textile, leather
Use as wetting agent, permeating agent, emulsifying agent, cleansing agent.
3. Household detergents
Use as cleansing agent, emulsifying agent.
4. Industrial cleaning agents
Use as cleansing agent, emulsifying agent, wetting agent.
5. Emulsion polymerization
Emulsifier, particle size controlling agent in emulsion polymerization.
6. Personal care products
Use as cleansing agent, emulsifying agent, hydrotrope.
7. Dry cleaning
Dry-cleansing agent in textile.
8. Metal working fluid
Use as settling agent.
For example: used in cutting oil of emulsion type, metal shavings can be rapidly settling.
9. Coatings
Use as leveling agent.
Use as wetting agent, auxiliary dispersing agent.
10. Petroleum
Use as solvent, cleansing agent. For example: can cleaning pipelines, tank.
11. Medicine
Pharmaceutic adjuvant, use as emulsifying agent, wetting agent. (The contents of this section are for reference only, the actual application is subject to local pharmacopoeia.)
Synonyms:
Docusate sodium
577-11-7
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt
Aerosol OT
Constonate
Diox
Manoxol OT
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt
Diomedicone
Clestol
Complemix
Defilin
Dialose
Dioctlyn
Dioctylal
Diosuccin
Disonate
Doxinate
Dulsivac
Laxinate
Mervamine
Molatoc
Molofac
Regutol
Requtol
Sobital
Soliwax
Colace
Coprol
Diovac
Konlax
Kosate
Molcer
Obston
Softil
Velmol
Waxsol
Doxol
Nevax
Revac
Modane Soft
Alcopol O
Alphasol OT
Sulfimel DOS
Manoxal OT
Aerosol AOT
Aerosol GPG
Wetaid SR
Aerosol OT-A
Docusate (Sodium)
Docusate sodium salt
Laxinate 100
Sanmorin OT 70
Triton GR 7
Triton GR-5
Aerosol OT 70PG
Aerosol OT 75
Celanol DOS 65
Celanol DOS 75
DESS
Humifen WT 27G
Monawet MD 70E
Solusol-75%
Nikkol OTP 70
Aerosol A 501
Alkasurf SS-O 75
Solusol-100%
Nekal WT-27
Adekacol EC 8600
Berol 478
Geriplex
Unilax
Sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
Dialose Plus
Peri-Colace
Tex-Wet 1001
Natrii dioctylsulfosuccinas
Senokot S
Correctol Caplets
Correctol Tablets
Senokap DSS
D-S-S
Feen-a-Mint Pills
Sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate
Correctol Extra Gentle Tablets
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
Docusate sodique [INN-French]
Docusato sodico [INN-Spanish]
Docusatum natricum [INN-Latin]
Sodium 2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate
D-S-S Plus
Dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid
HSDB 3065
2-Ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate sodium
EINECS 209-406-4
SV 102
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sodium sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
Sodium di-(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) S-sodium sulfosuccinate
AI3-00239
Sodium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate
1,4-Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
Sodium sulfodi-(2-ethylhexyl)-sulfosuccinate
Di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinic acid, sodium salt
Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
Bis(ethylhexyl) ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid
Docusate sodium
Docusate sodium
docusate sodium
Sodium dioctylsulphosuccinate
CAS names
Butanedioic acid, 2-sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt (1:1)
IUPAC names
1,4-bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-dioxobutane
1,4-bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonic acid
1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) 2-[(sodiooxy)sulfonyl]butanedioate
1,4-Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfobutanedioate, sodium salt
1,4-BIS[(2-ETHYLHEXYL)OXY]-1,4-DIOXOBUTANE-2-SULFONIC ACID SODIUM(+1) (1:1)
Agent T284
bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinic acid sodium salt
bis-2-ethylhexyl sodium sulfosuccinate
Butanedioic acid, 2-sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt (1:1)
Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
Butanedioic acid, sulfo-,1,4-bis (2-ethylhexyl)ester, sodium salt
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Sodium Sulfosuccinate
Di-2-ethylhexyl sodium sulfosuccinate
DIOCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate
dioctyl sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt
Dioctylnatriumsulfosuccinat
DOCUSATE SODIUM
DOSS
sodium 1,4-bis((2-ethylhexyl)oxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
Sodium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
sodium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
sodium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate.
sodium 1,4-bis[(2-ethylhexyl) oxy]-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
Sodium 1,4-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-dioxo-2-butanesulfonate
sodium 1,4-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
sodium 1,4-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
SODIUM DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) SULFOSUCCINATE
Sodium Di(2-ethylhexyl) Sulfosuccinate
Sodium di(2-ethylhexyl) sulphosuccinate
Sodium Dialkyl Sulfosuccinate
SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
Sodium Dioctyl sulphosuccinate
Sodium dioctyl Sulphosuccinate
Sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate
Sodium docusate
Sodium Docusate
SODIUM,1,4-BIS(2-ETHYLHEXOXY)-1,4-DIOXOBUTANE-2-SULFONATE
Sodium-bis-(2-ethylhexyl)sulphosuccinate
sodium; 1,2-bis-(2-ethyl-hexyloxycarbonyl)-ethanesulfonate
sodium;1,4-bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
SULFOBERNSTEINSÄUREDIESTER, 2-ETHYLHEXYL, NA-SALZ
Sól sodowa sulfobursztynianu dioktylu
Trade names
Agent T284
DOKUSATNATRIUM
SABOSOL DOS
Spolion 8
Zwilżacz SBO
Other names
Butanedioic acid, 2-sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt (1:1)
Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
1,4-Bis[(2-éthylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-dioxo-2-butanesulfonate de sodium [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
216-684-0 [EINECS]
577-11-7 [RN]
Aerosol OT 100 [Trade name]
Aerosol OT 75PG [Trade name]
Aerosol OT 94 [Trade name]
Aerosol OT-S [Trade name]
Airrol CT 1 [Trade name]
Airrol OP [Trade name]
Astrowet 608 [Trade name]
Astrowet O 70PG [Trade name]
Astrowet O 75 [Trade name]
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) Sulfosuccinate Sodium Salt
BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) SULFOSUCCINATE, SODIUM SALT
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sodium sulfosuccinate
Butanedioic acid, 2-sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt (1:1) [ACD/Index Name]
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
Di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinic acid, sodium salt
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate [Wiki]
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt
DIOX
docusate sodique [French] [INN]
Docusate sodium [BAN] [INN] [USAN] [USP]
Docusate sodium salt
docusato de sodio [Spanish] [INN]
Docusato sodico [Spanish] [INN]
Docusatum natricum [Latin]
Drewfax 007 [Trade name]
Empimin OP 70 [Trade name]
Empimin OT 75 [Trade name]
Freetex OT [Trade name]
Gemtex SC [Trade name]
Gemtex SC 40
Geropon DOS
Geropon SS-O 75
Geropon WT 27
Isoprotanc [Trade name]
Jamylene
Lankropol KO 2
Lumiten I-RA
Lutensit A-BO
Lutensit A-BOS
Manoxol
Manoxol OP
Marlinat DF 8
Monawet MO 70
Monawet MO 70E
Monawet MO 70R
natrii docusas [Latin] [INN]
Natrium-1,4-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-dioxo-2-butansulfonat [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Neocol P
Neocol YSK
Neopelex OTP
Newkalgen EP 60P
Newkalgen EP 70G
Nikkol OTP 100
Nikkol OTP 75
NK-EP 70G
Nonit
Octowet
Pelex OT
Pelex OT-P
Pentex 99
Persol KMN 3
Pionin A 51B
Rapisol A 30
Rapisol A 80
Rapisol B 30
Rapisol B 80
Rapisol B 90
Rewopol SBDO 70
Sanmorin OT 70N
Sanseparer 100
Sodium 1,4-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-dioxo-2-butanesulfonate [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Sodium 1,4-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
Sodium Di(2-ethylhexyl) Sulfosuccinate
sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
Sodium Docusate
Solovet
Solusol
Spilon 8
Succinate STD
Sulfobutanedioic acid 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt
Sulfosuccinic Acid 1,4-Bis(2-ethylhexyl) Ester S-Sodium Salt
Sunnol LDF 110
Surfonic DOS 75PG
Triton GR 5
Valsol OT
Warcowet 060
докузат натрия [Russian] [INN]
دوكوسات صوديوم [Arabic] [INN]
多库酯钠 [Chinese] [INN]
1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
Alcopol O
Alkasurf SS-O 75
Alphasol OT
BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) S-sodium sulfosuccinate
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulphosuccinatesodium salt
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate sodium salt
Bis-2-ethylhexylester sulfojantaranu sodneho [Czech]
Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
Celanol DOS 65
Celanol DOS 75
Clestol
Colace [Trade name] [Wiki]
Constonate
Coprol
Defilin
DESS
Dialose
Dialose Plus
Dioctlyn
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium salt
Dioctyl sulphosuccinate sodium salt
Dioctylal
Dioctyl-medo forte
Dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium salt
Diomedicone
Diosuccin
Diotilan
Diovac
Disonate
docusate sodique
docusato de sodio
Dorbantyl
doss
Doxan
Doxinate
Doxol
Dulsivac
Duosol
Ferro-Sequels
Geriplex
Humifen WT 27G
Kosate
Laxcaps
Laxinate
Laxinate 100
Manoxal OT
Manoxol OT
Mervamine
MFCD00012455 [MDL number]
Modane Plus
Modane soft
Molatoc
Molcer
Molofac
Monawet MD 70E
Monawet MO-70
Monawet MO-70 RP
Monawet MO-84 R2W
Monoxol OT
Natrii dioctylsulfosuccinas
natrii docusas
Nekal WT-27
Nevax
Nikkol OTP 70
Norval [Trade name]
Obston
Peri-Colace
Phillips Gelcaps
Rapisol
Regutol
Requtol
Revac
Sanmorin OT 70
SBO
Senokap DSS
Senokot S
Sobital
Sodium 1,4-bis((2-ethylhexyl)oxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
sodium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
Sodium di-(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
sodium;1,4-bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
Softil
Sol sodowej sulfobursztynianu dwu-2-etyloheksylowego [Polish]
Soliwax
Succinic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
Sulfimel DOS
Sulfobutanedioic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl ester) sodium salt
Sulfosuccinic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt
Sulfosuccinic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl)ester sodium salt
Sulfosuccinic acid, di-(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
Triton GR 7
Triton GR-5
Vatsol OT
Velmol
Waxsol
Wetaid SR
докузат натрия
دوكوسات صوديوم
多库酯钠
Alternate Names
ADEKACOL EC 8600
AEC DIETHYLHEXYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
AEROSOL OT
AIRROL CT-1
BUTANEDIOIC ACID, SULFO-, 1,4-BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER, SODIUM SALT
CHEMAX DOSS/75E
COLACE
COMFOLAX
COPROLA
DIALOSE
DIETHYLHEXYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
DIETHYLHEXYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE [INCI]
DIOCTYL
DIOCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
DIOCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE [FCC]
DIOCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE [JAN]
DIOCTYLAL
DIOTILAN
DISONATE
DOCUSATE SODIUM
DOCUSATE SODIUM [EP]
DOCUSATE SODIUM [HSDB]
DOCUSATE SODIUM [II]
DOCUSATE SODIUM [INN]
DOCUSATE SODIUM [MART.]
DOCUSATE SODIUM [MI]
DOCUSATE SODIUM [USAN]
DOCUSATE SODIUM [USP MONOGRAPH]
DOCUSATE SODIUM [USP]
DOCUSATE SODIUM [USP-RS]
DOCUSATE SODIUM [VANDF]
DOCUSATE SODIUM [WHO-DD]
DOCUSATE SODIUM SOLUTION [VANDF]
DOSS
DOXINATE
DOXOL
DULCIVAC
E 480
E-480
EMPIMIN OP70
EUROWET
GEMTEX PA-70
INS NO.480
INS-480
JAMYLENE
MACKANATE DOS-70
MOLATOC
MOLCER
MONAWET MO 65-150
NEVAX
NIKKOL OTP-75
NISSAN RAPISOL A 30
RAPISOL A 30
REGUTOL
SANMORIN OT 70N
SODIUM 1,4-BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) SULFOSUCCINATE
SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE
SOLIWAX
TRITON GR-PG 70
VELMOL
WAXSOL
YAL
OTHER PRODUCTS OF ATAMAN KIMYA THAT MAY BE OF INTEREST:
Description Appearance Applications
PEG 300 MONOOLEATE Clear, Amber Liquid Emulsifier and lubricant for oil soluble systems.
PEG 400 MONOLEATE Clear, Amber Liquid All purpose detergent and emulsifier for natural and synthetic oil applications
PEG 600 MONOOLEATE Clear, Amber Liquid Higher HLB version of PEG 400 MONOLEATE. Good lubricity properties.
PEG 200 MONOLAURATE Clear Liquid Dispersable lubricant component for fiber extrusion applications.
PEG 400 MONOLURATE Clear Liquid Water soluble component for extrusion lubricants. Excellent all purpose leveling agent.
PEG 600 MONOLURATE Clear Liquid Higher HLB version of PEG 400 MONOLAURATE.
PEG 400 DIOLEATE Clear, Amber Liquid Emulsifier for solvents & oils in textile applications.
PEG 600 DIOLEATE Clear, Amber Liquid Emulsifier of natural fats ↦ oils. Provides good lubrication properties.
PEG 600 COCONATE Clear Liquid Low cost alternative to PEG 600 MONOLAURATE in applications where heat stability for not a factor.
PEG 400 SESQUIOLEATE Clear, Amber Liquid Component of non-silicone defoamer formulations excellent emulsification properties.
PEG 400 DILAUARATE Clear Liquid Low foaming emulsifier and lubricant.
PEG 600 DILAUARATE Clear Liquid Higher HLB version of PEG 400 DILAUARATE
PEG 400 ISOSTEARATE Clear Liquid Fully Saturated long chain fatty acid in liquid form. Excellent high heat stabilizer for fiber lubricant formulations.
PEG 600 ISOSTEARATE Clear, Yellow Liquid Higher HLB version of PEG 400 ISOSTEARATE
PEG 400 MONOSTEARATE White Waxy Solid Excellent emulsifier and lubricant for wax & oil formulations in textile applications.
PEG 600 MONOSTEARATE White Waxy Solid Higher HLB version of PEG 400 MONOSTEARATE
PEG 800 MONOSTEARATE Waxy Solid Thickening and emulsifying agent for water based formulations.